# coding=utf-8
# Copyright 2022 Facebook AI and The HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""PyTorch ViT MSN (masked siamese network) model."""

import collections.abc
from typing import Callable, Optional, Union

import torch
from torch import nn

from ...activations import ACT2FN
from ...modeling_layers import GradientCheckpointingLayer
from ...modeling_outputs import BaseModelOutput, ImageClassifierOutput
from ...modeling_utils import ALL_ATTENTION_FUNCTIONS, PreTrainedModel
from ...processing_utils import Unpack
from ...pytorch_utils import find_pruneable_heads_and_indices, prune_linear_layer
from ...utils import TransformersKwargs, auto_docstring, logging, torch_int
from ...utils.generic import can_return_tuple, check_model_inputs
from .configuration_vit_msn import ViTMSNConfig


logger = logging.get_logger(__name__)


class ViTMSNEmbeddings(nn.Module):
    """
    Construct the CLS token, position and patch embeddings. Optionally, also the mask token.
    """

    def __init__(self, config: ViTMSNConfig, use_mask_token: bool = False) -> None:
        super().__init__()

        self.cls_token = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1, 1, config.hidden_size))
        self.mask_token = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1, 1, config.hidden_size)) if use_mask_token else None
        self.patch_embeddings = ViTMSNPatchEmbeddings(config)
        num_patches = self.patch_embeddings.num_patches
        self.position_embeddings = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1, num_patches + 1, config.hidden_size))
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(config.hidden_dropout_prob)
        self.patch_size = config.patch_size
        self.config = config

    # Copied from transformers.models.vit.modeling_vit.ViTEmbeddings.interpolate_pos_encoding
    def interpolate_pos_encoding(self, embeddings: torch.Tensor, height: int, width: int) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        This method allows to interpolate the pre-trained position encodings, to be able to use the model on higher resolution
        images. This method is also adapted to support torch.jit tracing.

        Adapted from:
        - https://github.com/facebookresearch/dino/blob/de9ee3df6cf39fac952ab558447af1fa1365362a/vision_transformer.py#L174-L194, and
        - https://github.com/facebookresearch/dinov2/blob/e1277af2ba9496fbadf7aec6eba56e8d882d1e35/dinov2/models/vision_transformer.py#L179-L211
        """

        num_patches = embeddings.shape[1] - 1
        num_positions = self.position_embeddings.shape[1] - 1

        # always interpolate when tracing to ensure the exported model works for dynamic input shapes
        if not torch.jit.is_tracing() and num_patches == num_positions and height == width:
            return self.position_embeddings

        class_pos_embed = self.position_embeddings[:, :1]
        patch_pos_embed = self.position_embeddings[:, 1:]

        dim = embeddings.shape[-1]

        new_height = height // self.patch_size
        new_width = width // self.patch_size

        sqrt_num_positions = torch_int(num_positions**0.5)
        patch_pos_embed = patch_pos_embed.reshape(1, sqrt_num_positions, sqrt_num_positions, dim)
        patch_pos_embed = patch_pos_embed.permute(0, 3, 1, 2)

        patch_pos_embed = nn.functional.interpolate(
            patch_pos_embed,
            size=(new_height, new_width),
            mode="bicubic",
            align_corners=False,
        )

        patch_pos_embed = patch_pos_embed.permute(0, 2, 3, 1).view(1, -1, dim)

        return torch.cat((class_pos_embed, patch_pos_embed), dim=1)

    def forward(
        self,
        pixel_values: torch.Tensor,
        bool_masked_pos: Optional[torch.BoolTensor] = None,
        interpolate_pos_encoding: bool = False,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        batch_size, num_channels, height, width = pixel_values.shape
        embeddings = self.patch_embeddings(pixel_values, interpolate_pos_encoding=interpolate_pos_encoding)

        if bool_masked_pos is not None:
            seq_length = embeddings.shape[1]
            mask_tokens = self.mask_token.expand(batch_size, seq_length, -1)
            # replace the masked visual tokens by mask_tokens
            mask = bool_masked_pos.unsqueeze(-1).type_as(mask_tokens)
            embeddings = embeddings * (1.0 - mask) + mask_tokens * mask

        # add the [CLS] token to the embedded patch tokens
        cls_tokens = self.cls_token.expand(batch_size, -1, -1)
        embeddings = torch.cat((cls_tokens, embeddings), dim=1)

        # add positional encoding to each token
        if interpolate_pos_encoding:
            embeddings = embeddings + self.interpolate_pos_encoding(embeddings, height, width)
        else:
            embeddings = embeddings + self.position_embeddings

        embeddings = self.dropout(embeddings)

        return embeddings


# Copied from transformers.models.vit.modeling_vit.ViTPatchEmbeddings with ViT->ViTMSN
class ViTMSNPatchEmbeddings(nn.Module):
    """
    This class turns `pixel_values` of shape `(batch_size, num_channels, height, width)` into the initial
    `hidden_states` (patch embeddings) of shape `(batch_size, seq_length, hidden_size)` to be consumed by a
    Transformer.
    """

    def __init__(self, config: ViTMSNConfig):
        super().__init__()
        image_size, patch_size = config.image_size, config.patch_size
        num_channels, hidden_size = config.num_channels, config.hidden_size

        image_size = image_size if isinstance(image_size, collections.abc.Iterable) else (image_size, image_size)
        patch_size = patch_size if isinstance(patch_size, collections.abc.Iterable) else (patch_size, patch_size)
        num_patches = (image_size[1] // patch_size[1]) * (image_size[0] // patch_size[0])
        self.image_size = image_size
        self.patch_size = patch_size
        self.num_channels = num_channels
        self.num_patches = num_patches

        self.projection = nn.Conv2d(num_channels, hidden_size, kernel_size=patch_size, stride=patch_size)

    def forward(self, pixel_values: torch.Tensor, interpolate_pos_encoding: bool = False) -> torch.Tensor:
        batch_size, num_channels, height, width = pixel_values.shape
        if num_channels != self.num_channels:
            raise ValueError(
                "Make sure that the channel dimension of the pixel values match with the one set in the configuration."
                f" Expected {self.num_channels} but got {num_channels}."
            )
        if not interpolate_pos_encoding:
            if height != self.image_size[0] or width != self.image_size[1]:
                raise ValueError(
                    f"Input image size ({height}*{width}) doesn't match model"
                    f" ({self.image_size[0]}*{self.image_size[1]})."
                )
        embeddings = self.projection(pixel_values).flatten(2).transpose(1, 2)
        return embeddings


# Copied from transformers.models.vit.modeling_vit.eager_attention_forward
def eager_attention_forward(
    module: nn.Module,
    query: torch.Tensor,
    key: torch.Tensor,
    value: torch.Tensor,
    attention_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor],
    scaling: float,
    dropout: float = 0.0,
    **kwargs,
):
    # Take the dot product between "query" and "key" to get the raw attention scores.
    attn_weights = torch.matmul(query, key.transpose(-1, -2)) * scaling

    # Normalize the attention scores to probabilities.
    attn_weights = nn.functional.softmax(attn_weights, dim=-1, dtype=torch.float32).to(query.dtype)

    # This is actually dropping out entire tokens to attend to, which might
    # seem a bit unusual, but is taken from the original Transformer paper.
    attn_weights = nn.functional.dropout(attn_weights, p=dropout, training=module.training)

    # Mask heads if we want to
    if attention_mask is not None:
        attn_weights = attn_weights * attention_mask

    attn_output = torch.matmul(attn_weights, value)
    attn_output = attn_output.transpose(1, 2).contiguous()

    return attn_output, attn_weights


# Copied from transformers.models.vit.modeling_vit.ViTSelfAttention with ViT->ViTMSN
class ViTMSNSelfAttention(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: ViTMSNConfig):
        super().__init__()
        if config.hidden_size % config.num_attention_heads != 0 and not hasattr(config, "embedding_size"):
            raise ValueError(
                f"The hidden size {config.hidden_size} is not a multiple of the number of attention "
                f"heads {config.num_attention_heads}."
            )

        self.config = config
        self.num_attention_heads = config.num_attention_heads
        self.attention_head_size = int(config.hidden_size / config.num_attention_heads)
        self.all_head_size = self.num_attention_heads * self.attention_head_size
        self.dropout_prob = config.attention_probs_dropout_prob
        self.scaling = self.attention_head_size**-0.5
        self.is_causal = False

        self.query = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, self.all_head_size, bias=config.qkv_bias)
        self.key = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, self.all_head_size, bias=config.qkv_bias)
        self.value = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, self.all_head_size, bias=config.qkv_bias)

    def forward(
        self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor, head_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None
    ) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
        batch_size = hidden_states.shape[0]
        new_shape = batch_size, -1, self.num_attention_heads, self.attention_head_size

        key_layer = self.key(hidden_states).view(*new_shape).transpose(1, 2)
        value_layer = self.value(hidden_states).view(*new_shape).transpose(1, 2)
        query_layer = self.query(hidden_states).view(*new_shape).transpose(1, 2)

        attention_interface: Callable = eager_attention_forward
        if self.config._attn_implementation != "eager":
            attention_interface = ALL_ATTENTION_FUNCTIONS[self.config._attn_implementation]

        context_layer, attention_probs = attention_interface(
            self,
            query_layer,
            key_layer,
            value_layer,
            head_mask,
            is_causal=self.is_causal,
            scaling=self.scaling,
            dropout=0.0 if not self.training else self.dropout_prob,
        )

        new_context_layer_shape = context_layer.size()[:-2] + (self.all_head_size,)
        context_layer = context_layer.reshape(new_context_layer_shape)

        return context_layer, attention_probs


# Copied from transformers.models.vit.modeling_vit.ViTSelfOutput with ViT->ViTMSN
class ViTMSNSelfOutput(nn.Module):
    """
    The residual connection is defined in ViTMSNLayer instead of here (as is the case with other models), due to the
    layernorm applied before each block.
    """

    def __init__(self, config: ViTMSNConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.dense = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.hidden_size)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(config.hidden_dropout_prob)

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor, input_tensor: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        hidden_states = self.dense(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.dropout(hidden_states)
        return hidden_states


# Copied from transformers.models.vit.modeling_vit.ViTAttention with ViT->ViTMSN
class ViTMSNAttention(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: ViTMSNConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.attention = ViTMSNSelfAttention(config)
        self.output = ViTMSNSelfOutput(config)
        self.pruned_heads = set()

    def prune_heads(self, heads: set[int]):
        if len(heads) == 0:
            return
        heads, index = find_pruneable_heads_and_indices(
            heads, self.attention.num_attention_heads, self.attention.attention_head_size, self.pruned_heads
        )

        # Prune linear layers
        self.attention.query = prune_linear_layer(self.attention.query, index)
        self.attention.key = prune_linear_layer(self.attention.key, index)
        self.attention.value = prune_linear_layer(self.attention.value, index)
        self.output.dense = prune_linear_layer(self.output.dense, index, dim=1)

        # Update hyper params and store pruned heads
        self.attention.num_attention_heads = self.attention.num_attention_heads - len(heads)
        self.attention.all_head_size = self.attention.attention_head_size * self.attention.num_attention_heads
        self.pruned_heads = self.pruned_heads.union(heads)

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor, head_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None) -> torch.Tensor:
        self_attn_output, _ = self.attention(hidden_states, head_mask)
        output = self.output(self_attn_output, hidden_states)
        return output


# Copied from transformers.models.vit.modeling_vit.ViTIntermediate with ViT->ViTMSN
class ViTMSNIntermediate(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: ViTMSNConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.dense = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.intermediate_size)
        if isinstance(config.hidden_act, str):
            self.intermediate_act_fn = ACT2FN[config.hidden_act]
        else:
            self.intermediate_act_fn = config.hidden_act

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        hidden_states = self.dense(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.intermediate_act_fn(hidden_states)
        return hidden_states


# Copied from transformers.models.vit.modeling_vit.ViTOutput with ViT->ViTMSN
class ViTMSNOutput(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: ViTMSNConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.dense = nn.Linear(config.intermediate_size, config.hidden_size)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(config.hidden_dropout_prob)

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor, input_tensor: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        hidden_states = self.dense(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.dropout(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = hidden_states + input_tensor
        return hidden_states


# Copied from transformers.models.vit.modeling_vit.ViTLayer with ViT->ViTMSN, VIT->VITMSN
class ViTMSNLayer(GradientCheckpointingLayer):
    """This corresponds to the Block class in the timm implementation."""

    def __init__(self, config: ViTMSNConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.chunk_size_feed_forward = config.chunk_size_feed_forward
        self.seq_len_dim = 1
        self.attention = ViTMSNAttention(config)
        self.intermediate = ViTMSNIntermediate(config)
        self.output = ViTMSNOutput(config)
        self.layernorm_before = nn.LayerNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.layer_norm_eps)
        self.layernorm_after = nn.LayerNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.layer_norm_eps)

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor, head_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None) -> torch.Tensor:
        hidden_states_norm = self.layernorm_before(hidden_states)
        attention_output = self.attention(hidden_states_norm, head_mask)

        # first residual connection
        hidden_states = attention_output + hidden_states

        # in ViTMSN, layernorm is also applied after self-attention
        layer_output = self.layernorm_after(hidden_states)
        layer_output = self.intermediate(layer_output)

        # second residual connection is done here
        layer_output = self.output(layer_output, hidden_states)

        return layer_output


# Copied from transformers.models.vit.modeling_vit.ViTEncoder with ViT->ViTMSN
class ViTMSNEncoder(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: ViTMSNConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.layer = nn.ModuleList([ViTMSNLayer(config) for _ in range(config.num_hidden_layers)])
        self.gradient_checkpointing = False

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor, head_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None) -> BaseModelOutput:
        for i, layer_module in enumerate(self.layer):
            layer_head_mask = head_mask[i] if head_mask is not None else None
            hidden_states = layer_module(hidden_states, layer_head_mask)

        return BaseModelOutput(last_hidden_state=hidden_states)


@auto_docstring
class ViTMSNPreTrainedModel(PreTrainedModel):
    config: ViTMSNConfig
    base_model_prefix = "vit"
    main_input_name = "pixel_values"
    supports_gradient_checkpointing = True
    _no_split_modules = ["ViTMSNAttention", "ViTMSNSdpaAttention"]
    _supports_sdpa = True
    _supports_flash_attn = True
    _supports_flex_attn = True
    _supports_attention_backend = True
    _can_record_outputs = {
        "hidden_states": ViTMSNLayer,
        "attentions": ViTMSNSelfAttention,
    }

    # todo: Resort to https://github.com/facebookresearch/msn/blob/main/src/deit.py#L200-#L211
    # when creating pre-training scripts.
    def _init_weights(self, module: Union[nn.Linear, nn.Conv2d, nn.LayerNorm]) -> None:
        """Initialize the weights"""
        if isinstance(module, (nn.Linear, nn.Conv2d)):
            # Slightly different from the TF version which uses truncated_normal for initialization
            # cf https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/5617
            module.weight.data.normal_(mean=0.0, std=self.config.initializer_range)
            if module.bias is not None:
                module.bias.data.zero_()
        elif isinstance(module, nn.LayerNorm):
            module.bias.data.zero_()
            module.weight.data.fill_(1.0)
        elif isinstance(module, ViTMSNEmbeddings):
            module.cls_token.data.zero_()
            module.position_embeddings.data.zero_()
            if module.mask_token is not None:
                module.mask_token.data.zero_()


@auto_docstring
class ViTMSNModel(ViTMSNPreTrainedModel):
    def __init__(self, config: ViTMSNConfig, use_mask_token: bool = False):
        r"""
        use_mask_token (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
            Whether to use a mask token for masked image modeling.
        """
        super().__init__(config)
        self.config = config

        self.embeddings = ViTMSNEmbeddings(config, use_mask_token=use_mask_token)
        self.encoder = ViTMSNEncoder(config)

        self.layernorm = nn.LayerNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.layer_norm_eps)

        # Initialize weights and apply final processing
        self.post_init()

    def get_input_embeddings(self) -> ViTMSNPatchEmbeddings:
        return self.embeddings.patch_embeddings

    def _prune_heads(self, heads_to_prune: dict[int, list[int]]) -> None:
        """
        Prunes heads of the model. heads_to_prune: dict of {layer_num: list of heads to prune in this layer} See base
        class PreTrainedModel
        """
        for layer, heads in heads_to_prune.items():
            self.encoder.layer[layer].attention.prune_heads(heads)

    @check_model_inputs(tie_last_hidden_states=False)
    @auto_docstring
    def forward(
        self,
        pixel_values: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        bool_masked_pos: Optional[torch.BoolTensor] = None,
        head_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        interpolate_pos_encoding: Optional[bool] = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> BaseModelOutput:
        r"""
        bool_masked_pos (`torch.BoolTensor` of shape `(batch_size, num_patches)`, *optional*):
            Boolean masked positions. Indicates which patches are masked (1) and which aren't (0).

        Examples:

        ```python
        >>> from transformers import AutoImageProcessor, ViTMSNModel
        >>> import torch
        >>> from PIL import Image
        >>> import requests

        >>> url = "http://images.cocodataset.org/val2017/000000039769.jpg"
        >>> image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)

        >>> image_processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained("facebook/vit-msn-small")
        >>> model = ViTMSNModel.from_pretrained("facebook/vit-msn-small")
        >>> inputs = image_processor(images=image, return_tensors="pt")
        >>> with torch.no_grad():
        ...     outputs = model(**inputs)
        >>> last_hidden_states = outputs.last_hidden_state
        ```"""

        if pixel_values is None:
            raise ValueError("You have to specify pixel_values")

        # Prepare head mask if needed
        # 1.0 in head_mask indicate we keep the head
        # attention_probs has shape bsz x n_heads x N x N
        # input head_mask has shape [num_heads] or [num_hidden_layers x num_heads]
        # and head_mask is converted to shape [num_hidden_layers x batch x num_heads x seq_length x seq_length]
        head_mask = self.get_head_mask(head_mask, self.config.num_hidden_layers)

        embedding_output = self.embeddings(
            pixel_values, bool_masked_pos=bool_masked_pos, interpolate_pos_encoding=interpolate_pos_encoding
        )
        encoder_outputs: BaseModelOutput = self.encoder(embedding_output, head_mask=head_mask)
        sequence_output = encoder_outputs.last_hidden_state
        sequence_output = self.layernorm(sequence_output)

        return BaseModelOutput(last_hidden_state=sequence_output)


# Caution: We don't have the weights for the classification head yet. This class
# is here for the users that are interested to fine-tune the base model (ViTMSNModel).
@auto_docstring
class ViTMSNForImageClassification(ViTMSNPreTrainedModel):
    def __init__(self, config: ViTMSNConfig) -> None:
        super().__init__(config)

        self.num_labels = config.num_labels
        self.vit = ViTMSNModel(config)

        # Classifier head
        self.classifier = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.num_labels) if config.num_labels > 0 else nn.Identity()

        # Initialize weights and apply final processing
        self.post_init()

    @can_return_tuple
    @auto_docstring
    def forward(
        self,
        pixel_values: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        head_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        labels: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        interpolate_pos_encoding: Optional[bool] = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> ImageClassifierOutput:
        r"""
        Examples:

        ```python
        >>> from transformers import AutoImageProcessor, ViTMSNForImageClassification
        >>> import torch
        >>> from PIL import Image
        >>> import requests

        >>> torch.manual_seed(2)  # doctest: +IGNORE_RESULT

        >>> url = "http://images.cocodataset.org/val2017/000000039769.jpg"
        >>> image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)

        >>> image_processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained("facebook/vit-msn-small")
        >>> model = ViTMSNForImageClassification.from_pretrained("facebook/vit-msn-small")

        >>> inputs = image_processor(images=image, return_tensors="pt")
        >>> with torch.no_grad():
        ...     logits = model(**inputs).logits
        >>> # model predicts one of the 1000 ImageNet classes
        >>> predicted_label = logits.argmax(-1).item()
        >>> print(model.config.id2label[predicted_label])
        tusker
        ```
        """

        outputs: BaseModelOutput = self.vit(
            pixel_values, head_mask=head_mask, interpolate_pos_encoding=interpolate_pos_encoding, **kwargs
        )
        sequence_output = outputs.last_hidden_state
        logits = self.classifier(sequence_output[:, 0, :])

        loss = None
        if labels is not None:
            loss = self.loss_function(labels, logits, self.config, **kwargs)

        return ImageClassifierOutput(
            loss=loss,
            logits=logits,
            hidden_states=outputs.hidden_states,
            attentions=outputs.attentions,
        )


__all__ = ["ViTMSNModel", "ViTMSNForImageClassification", "ViTMSNPreTrainedModel"]
